Gpu voltage. obviously there's the ATX.
Gpu voltage. 05-1. Jan 22, 2020 · I use HWiNFO64 and Afterburner to track the GPU voltage when I benchmark, and the GPU core voltage is always the same, no matter what value I assign the slider in Afterburner (i. 0 is an overclocking road block, unless you take it to extremes with LN2 and shunt mods. Was running fine all weekend, then this morning I got some hard lockups in Vermintide II. Details within Benchmarks Nov 21, 2017 · Is that the core voltage while gaming/GPU load? In my experience, if your core voltage is too low you'll have crashes and artifacts, not low fps. This raises a common question among gamers and PC enthusiasts alike: Can I power my GPU with a 6-pin connector? In this guide, we will explore GPU Apr 3, 2024 · Undervolting your GPU makes it run more efficiently, draws less power and keeps it cool and quiet. 9v; this seems to stop if If we are going to undervolt after overclocking, why are we also setting the GPU to use 20% more power? Doesn't that just cancel out the power decrease we are after with the undervolt? How does a 0. May 27, 2025 · Undervolting your gaming GPU means finding the voltage sweet spot without causing instability. May 27, 2025 · Explore the importance of GPU power supplies in gaming, AI, and professional computing. 3. GPU voltage is a placebo, crank it all the way up for full effect. Apr 18, 2024 · Learn how to undervolt your GPU for decreased power usage, lower temps, and reduced noise. Dec 22, 2021 · Undervolting is the process of reducing the voltage your GPU has access to. I max the voltage out on my 970 on MSI Afterburner all the time and have a custom fan curve to keep it from climbing above 60-70C when gaming. I suppose it's normal that some games "require" high GPU clock without using a lot of GPU power? Or is something broken on my side? Thanks a lot!! Phil Archived post. Balancing power, performance, and efficiency for enhanced graphics card functionality. 093V though Pascal's voltage controller though. Jan 23, 2025 · Efficiency: Knowing how much power a GPU uses helps users optimize their systems for better performance while reducing energy costs. 6V nominal. Installed GPU-Z to have a look. Looks like it's 1. May 4, 2010 · The logic device, also called voltage controller, drives the power device in order to supply the GPU with the correct voltage and current. 9v in games, and sometimes can spike fairly frequently up to 1. Aug 13, 2025 · GPU-Z is a lightweight utility designed to give you all information about your video card and GPU. 2 volts, depending on the load behavior and clock frequency of the GPU. With undervolting you can still increase the core and memory clocks but your results (how much over) may vary based on the silicone lottery. Apr 3, 2024 · GPU voltage fluctuates down by nearly a whole 0. The benefits Yeah folks don't seem too understand that amps x volts = watts, so if your gpu is being fed more voltage than it needs, it has less than optimal ampage and will butt up against the power limit. Pretty much any software that lets you add voltage to the GPU is at a very safe range. 1V nominal. Performance optimization parameter settings can also be performed on the hardware through GPU Tweak III. Soon I'll get my old Corsair PSU back with a new one via RMA. So, can I assume that letting the GPU clock higher at full load by increasing the Power Limit may reduce stability? Sep 14, 2024 · Understanding GPU power consumption is crucial for those who want to optimize their computer’s performance while keeping energy costs low. After updating to the latest GPU drivers… Feb 12, 2024 · Master the art of GPU undervolting with our comprehensive guide on how to undervolt a GPU, enhancing efficiency and performance You need to turn on voltage monitoring and control in the settings of msi afterburner Set this option to "Adaptive" "Optimized" or "Normal" to resume idle downclocking. UPDATE: I must correct my original statement: When overclocking with Furmark at 133% power target (597 watts), my voltage occasionally dipped as low as 11. But there's a lot of conflicting Oct 20, 2013 · MSI Afterburner Voltage Monitoring displays 0mV Tried restarting (Both PC and the program) and reinstalling. Nov 27, 2021 · My GPU voltage in IGPU-Z program was showing that when my GPU would hit 1. Moreover, one side benefit you can also get from them is lower noise because GPU fans will spin at lower RPM when GPU heat generation is reduced. 0250V, it would kill itself and clock downward and also lower my GPU usage to a staggering 20% and lower the voltage as well. It should only be set to maximum when increasing your memory frequency because doing so, you may 4 days ago · The complexity of power delivery systems and the power consumption of GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) rise with their increasing power. 43V (real voltage 1. The voltage controller is the brain of VRM. Apr 15, 2020 · I'm trying to set the voltage of my intel integrated gpu, in the BIOS. 1 volt when gaming (Doesn't affect my peformance and no BSODs and black screen so far and i have also overclocked it) Jun 7, 2019 · Voltage = Power being delivered to the GPU. The jump from NVIDIA's RTX 4090 to the ROG Astral OC RTX 5090 brings not only extraordinary graphical capability but also an increased demand for powe Jul 31, 2023 · Learn how to check if your GPU is receiving enough power and troubleshoot potential issues with power supply to optimize your gaming performance. Laptop GPUs entries are displayed with slightly darker colors. If I go beyond those values, some artifacts appear. 8 V (see additional raw data dump I also did a test where the VID remained the same (with default Vdroop) and GPU frequency was changed instead. 7v, as that would signal considerable resistance in the cable and precede a melting connector. And it shouldn't be an issue if you haven't been changing the voltage and/or frequency with an overclocking utility. 9v frequently, which drops the PCIe Voltage from 12v to 11. 305V + - Temps 77-80 P-Cores, 66-68 E-cores) Cooled by: Supercool Direct Die 14th gen full nickel Motherboard: Z790 ASUS Maximus Apex Encore RAM: GSkill TridentZ 2x24GB DDR5 8800Mhz CL40 (OC from 8000Mhz CL40) Watercooled GPU: RTX 5090 Palit OC with Alphacool Core Waterblock Case: TT P3 I have tried setting the voltage, power and temp limits to max, and I still get the voltage limit=1 thing with low-ish GPU usage (yet high GPU core clock). 050v in the screenshot. Power draw Feb 9, 2025 · Understanding Voltage and Performance: GPU voltage directly influences the clock speed your GPU can maintain. Increasing this value will improve performance by allowing for higher clock frequencies and lower temperatures from heat buildup in hardware-accelerated tasks like gaming or video rendering. It's important to remember that the frequency/voltage numbers are going to vary, depending on your GPU. e. It is not being undervolted, I have no hand How core voltage regulation works on modern Nvidia GPUs Actually Hardcore Overclocking 193K subscribers Subscribe Mar 7, 2021 · It definitely does get power limited at maximum load according to GPU-Z and it gets significantly hotter but it also clocks higher. I didn't touch the core voltage. Check our guide to learn how to do it. During gameplay, seeing a Power Consumption of ~93-103% TDP and PerfCap Reasons of 16, 1, and Dec 21, 2012 · Power limit works best for me, raising the voltage is helding me back with GPU boost, power limit gave me better results (around 1300mhz boost on my 680) Jun 11, 2014 · Hello All, I just bought a 4080 and saw something in benchmarking I don't understand. Power Limit = The amount of watts the card can pull from the PSU before it throttles. the bios chip. Most monitoring software displays wattage usage. 7-0. 6v and will spike to 0. It includes step-by-step instructions to undervolt a graphics card & avoid instability. 0-1. 3V rail comes only from the PCIe connector, 8th pin from the front, and 9-10th pins from the back. Ideally, this aims to maintain performance relatively close to stock settings whilst boosting efficiency. If I just set it as "Auto", the voltage in the BIOS reads as 0. With afterburner if you are going for a good overclock you can just set that all the way up and the program will adjust automatically depending on the GPU's current need. Maybe if the voltage deflects from 12. Jul 6, 2022 · Just like any electronic component, a CPU or GPU requires an electric current to flow through it. Cooling Solutions: GPUs that consume more power generate more heat Mar 25, 2017 · When I overclock my GPU should I put GPU voltage to MAX and the power target to By AnalogCanavity March 25, 2017 in Graphics Cards gpu asus overclocking voltage Share Followers 1 Jun 21, 2021 · Is it safe practice to increase voltage on my GTX 1660 for better overclocking ? and what are the risks ? note ill im looking to increase voltage via MSI afterburner. Lower voltage means lower clock speeds, inevitably leading to reduced frame rates and performance in games or other demanding applications. Jan 4, 2024 · Learn optimizing GPU performance by adjusting Power Limits. Knowing the reasons for the various power phases that GPUs have and how these affect stability and performance will help […] Is it really possible to make current graphics cards from AMD’s Radeon RX and Nvidia’s GeForce RTX series with just one click? Yes, it’s possible, and quite simple, as I will demonstrate in What does Max Operating Voltage mean, and what does Reliable Voltage mean? Also, does anyone have recommendations for benching software that will put both my CPU and GPU under load to test overall power draw and case thermals? And lastly, is there anywhere I can go where I can compare how my hardware is actually performing relative to others? If it crashes, raise the voltage. 08v, which is the highest I've seen personally. 6 volts which should be around 1. Dec 26, 2024 · Discover how to optimize NVIDIA GPU power limits for better performance and energy efficiency on Windows and Linux in this step-by-step guide. I'm at its default value. 100V. I've had the gpu for about 3 or 4 months and it's always run in this kind of voltage range. Is it worth to raise the core voltage up? Can it be Power target is the one you want cranked to %120. Tried switching the physical BIOS switch on the card between both Silent and OC modes and then tried steps 1 and 2 both still it displays only 0. Jun 9, 2020 · Hey All, So i just picked up my new MSi Gaming X 2060 Super, and booted up GPU-Z and noticed some fields that ive never seen before so i was curious about things like PCIE Voltage/Power, 8 pin Voltage/Power and just kinda, what sorta numbers would you look for when checking these fields, what Apr 20, 2025 · Again, this all happens directly on the hardware itself — no companion app required. 8v, usually hovered around 11. g. Jul 11, 2024 · What voltage should my GPU be? Preliminaries Regarding GPU Boost There is a voltage limit associated with Nvidia graphics cards, which is usually around 1. Since power = voltage x amp, lowering the max voltage can reduce power draw and enable the gpu to boost to higher clock rates before it hits the max power limit, but lowering the voltage can cause instabilities and crashes. If you're looking to tune your GPU to improve May 14, 2024 · Undervolting a GPU is a process that may lower the temperatures of your graphics card while maintaining performance. Undervolting your GPU can reduce power consumption, help keep your PC cool, reduce fan noise, improve your GPU's efficiency and life span, and even improve performance. When you move the voltage slider, it acts as more of a 'suggestion' to the gpu; you're telling it that it can use more voltage, but it Sep 21, 2024 · The 3. Jul 20, 2024 · By the end, you'll have your GPU's clock speed and voltage where you want them. It seems that it's not happen often. Anything lower is just for power saving. Hello, was just wondering what are the optimal Voltage and frequency you found when undervolting your GPU (RTX 3080). Does anyone know how to get the GPU Power and GPU Voltage back to normal? Jan 8, 2016 · You can monitor the GPU voltage in the OSD now, which wasn't available before. The voltage goes to 1. The Graphics card is one of the most power-hungry components for any computer, whether a gaming PC or a work PC. 0000 v. What should I look for and what is a normal voltage? It seems stable with that. This can help to stabilize the GPU when increasing clock frequency but will require more power and generate more heat, resulting in higher fan speeds and potentially higher fan noise. 1 volts. Voltage = how much max voltage can be applied to the chip. Mar 19, 2024 · Understanding GPU Power Consumption Before diving into fixes, let’s understand how we measure GPU power consumption. And the reason voltage is seen as dangerous is that increasing voltage increase heat exponentially, while increasing frequency/clockspeed increase heat linearly. You can go even lower if you’re okay with reduced boost clocks and slightly decreased gaming performance. Feb 20, 2025 · My GPU (colorful GTX 1650) has been using 0. If I boost the voltage by +35mV in Afterburner, the core voltage while benchmarking doesn't increase by +35mV, it is at the same voltage as if there was no change). Aug 27, 2023 · when playing games, generally this happens in Destiny 2, obviously the GPU voltage may increase which will cause the PCIe 12v Rail voltage to sag; however, I want to know if my line is sagging too much, or if there's any kind of "threshold" that it should not sag past. Feb 17, 2025 · GPU Tweak III is a software for adjusting system parameters of NVIDIA and AMD desktop graphics cards, including overclocking, voltage adjustment, fan control, and other functions. This wikiHow article teaches you how to undervolt your graphics card. Make sure you have adequate airflow and a good power supply. Brand new 1080 Ti just installed last Thursday. 7 to 1. Make your graphics card more efficient with our complete guide. It's designed to run at around 1. Includes clocks, photos, and technical details. By undervolting it, you are limiting the amount of voltage your GPU can use, trying to find the lowest voltage at which it can achieve its default level of gaming performance. Reliability Voltage: Gpu Boost can't move up in the next step of the voltage/frequency curve because the gpu Aug 12, 2023 · The DC/DC converters used on graphics cards use pulse width modulation (PWM) and convert the applied 12 V supply voltage into lower voltages, usually between 0. GPU: EVGA RTX 2070 XC CPU: Ryzen 7 2700X w/ Wraith Prism PSU: 750W (unknown brand, can't remember) Tower: Musetex - Mid ATX w/ 6 RGB 120mm fans I comple Aug 1, 2023 · Looking to optimize your gaming experience? Find out what the ideal power range for your GPU should be to ensure smooth and high-performance gameplay. Sep 19, 2025 · More work with less voltage It's possible with most GPUs At stock, your GPU will pull a specific amount of power from both the PCIe socket and the auxiliary power in the form of 12VHP or 6-pin cables. So either lower the power limit - it's a great way to deal with this - or try Nvidia's frame limit and see if it makes the card downclock more aggressively at partial load. May 19, 2023 · Here is the easiest guide to undervolt your GPU. I can change to that and test to see if it helps. Sep 26, 2024 · It turns out that i just realized that the GPU Power has INCREASED to 170W-175W which should be at 30-35W (my RTX 3050 TGP is 35W). There is also GPU Rail Voltage and PCIe 12v input voltage. 12-Pin Power Connector The introduction of the 12-pin power connector marked a significant Oct 21, 2022 · CPU Voltage: LLC6 1. 093-1. Enable Voltage monitor in settings (I am able to unlock voltage control and move the slider). Users share their opinions and experiences on what Voltage Maximum does in the Geforce Experience performance overlay. So if you are unable to "fix" this "problem", don't worry about it. The gpu reflects the cpu's fps depending on resolution and eye candy settings. When you undervolt a CPU or GPU you're reducing that pressure, which has an effect on the energy available for that processor to work. 920mV and +0 MemOC. Click Here For More. 3 volts we can spot a potential adapter issue early? Raising gpu voltageSo what voltage does is give the GPU more power so that it can run at faster speeds, while being stable. You can access the details of a GPU by clicking on its name. Nov 29, 2022 · Got A GPU Voltage Limit Reached Notification? We Explain Performance Limit Reliability, Afterburners, Cooling & More To Help Avoid This Problem. Nov 23, 2019 · Will it decrease life of gpu? How much performance i could gain by making it to +100 from 0 in gtx 1650. The voltage in Wattman - is not a set/static voltage you can set and forget. In this article, readers will learn about the factors that contribute to GPU power consumption, such as clock speed, voltage, and workload. You can Sep 8, 2020 · [SOLVED] GPU Not receiving enough voltage Purp1e Haze Sep 8, 2020 gpu overclock power voltage Home Forums Hardware May 8, 2023 · Discussion on acceptable PCIe +12V voltage droop levels for GPUs, including monitoring tips and power supply considerations. The problem with temps come if you are hitting the GPU really hard really long. Hover over it to see the card’s pin layout, complete with the current flowing through each Mar 11, 2020 · Depending on the model, graphics cards with higher power consumption values still supply themselves via the motherboard slot despite separate power cables. The power requirements of a graphics card depend on the GPU model used because graphics cards with budget or entry-level GPUs consume less power. Check GPU Tweak’s Power Detector+: If you want more thorough data, open GPU Tweak III and look at the Power Detector+ area in the upper-right portion of the window. Mar 22, 2015 · Hello guys, I've just overclocked my GPU (an ASUS GTX 780 Ti) and I've reached the maximum frequency for the core and the memory. 2-12. GPU Core voltage is 0. Voltage is essentially the measurement of the "pressure" with which electrons flow through a circuit. The Fluctuating voltage will happen as graphical demand rises and falls and the gpu adjusts clocks, voltage, and power draw to best fit the compute demand while maintaining an optimal balance, unless you specifically set Afterburner to use a manually defined voltage/frequency curve or use a clockspeed offset. These fluctuations cause frame stuttering and are only mitigated by restarting the computer. Does not happen as often in other games, moreso in a specific game, but it is apparent. 0v. Max Operating Voltage is when the gpu, through it's dynamic boosting (Gpu Boost), has reached the voltage limit defined by the gpu's onboard voltage regulator/vbios. It's an offset that Wattman will apply to the voltage/frequency curve that is programed into the chip, when it is binned at the factory during production. Checking online forums and discussions can also reveal common power Apr 29, 2025 · Every generation, GPU's push performance further, delivering increasingly breathtaking visuals, higher frame rates, and unprecedented gaming realism. My friend let me use his 4070 TI (Suprim X) to see what I thought. I ran 1920Mhz at 0. even if it is a case of power saving, the frequent spikes are not a sign of failure or anything, right? Oct 19, 2014 · so basically im having problems with my gpu, drivers problem nvlddm, and applications blocking hardware. That's how GPU boost works - the card will go as high as the power limit allows when GPU utilization is above 50%. Graphics card and GPU database with specifications for products launched in recent years. 865. When running at stock the 4070 ti in Furmark and monitoring in MSI Afterburner, GPU-Z, and GPU Shark, it showed the card was being limited by. It is very easy to get the GPU too hot and too fast when setting the voltage too high, however modern GPU has BIOS that forbid you to go higher than what's considered safe. My GTX 1080 & Titan X Pascal, both ran better undervolted with a nice memory overclock. MSI Afterburner does have a Voltage Offset slider, which is what you want, not a 'Max GPU Voltage' slider, which doesn't exist as these settings are coded into the BIOS and are also limited by the PCB that the card manufacturer uses. Some say it unlocks higher voltage, others say it does nothing or can harm the card. 063V unless you increase the voltage slider to 100% in MSI Afterburner and manually tune the VF curve. I'll use my Vega 64 as an example, the card could theoretically boost beyond its rated boost speed assuming it has adequate cooling however once it reaches power limit it will go no further. It's also not a big deal using Prefer Max Performance on desktop, the gpu is still using greatly reduced power and is kept in check thermally with even the slightest airflow. Find out the factors that influence GPU voltage, the impacts of overclocking and undervolting, and the optimal power levels for various GPUs. 06-1. 3V whilst playing games. Modern GPUs often come with built-in power-saving features designed to reduce power consumption and heat generation, which, while beneficial for general usage, can hinder performance during demanding tasks. Jan 14, 2025 · With the rapidly advancing technology in the gaming industry, graphics processing units (GPUs) have become the powerhouse behind stunning visuals and immersive gameplay. This is a hardware limit. Aug 1, 2023 · Understanding the ideal GPU voltage: the importance, factors to consider, and optimization for better performance and stability. May 24, 2022 · GPU Power limit is a feature that allows the user to control how much power goes into their graphics card. Another Redditor brought to my attention an interesting idea that he’d found on a blog - to check Pwr_sec and PCIe voltages through GPU Z or other monitoring software. 900mV undervolt interact with 120% Power Limit setting? I tried a newbie OC/Uv on my EVGA 3080Ti FTW3. Feb 5, 2024 · Learn what GPU voltage is, how it affects performance and stability, and how to adjust it for different GPU models. Learn how stability, efficiency, and wattage impact performance. Here's how to undervolt your GPU in our Step-by-Step Guide. 75v to 1. Take for instance Power/Temp Limits are different than Voltage limits. Which is a fairly safe voltage, too. GPU Voltage Control when set to Manual mode provides the option to set the amount of voltage applied to the GPU for each clock state. Jan 31, 2023 · List of GPUs by power consumptionPublished by JP Novak on January 31, 2023 and last updated on September 6, 2023 The GPUs are sorted according to their power consumption under load in the following table. Undervolting beats stock perf. Therefore, these cards also have two separate voltage converter ranges and the load distribution between idle and load moves back and forth between the 12-volt rails as required. i just want to ask a simple question which is my core voltage on msi afterburner supposed to be 0? aND MY power limit 100? ive just been trying to tweak memory clock speeds etc but no Sep 28, 2017 · The power is calculated from the logged GPU PCIe power current, and multiplied with 11. Feb 27, 2024 · When changing GPU, this adaptability ensures compatibility to power high-end graphics cards that require more power than what a 6-pin connector can offer. 8 volt while idle after being reseated, is it safe?, if not how do i fix it? i have not undervolted it. 9 after about 30 minutes of letting it run at 226 fps. The quantity and arrangement of a GPU’s power phases are important factors in power delivery. In most cases, the highest you will achieve is 1. How GPUs Manage Higher voltage generally means more heat which is why sometimes unless you are watercooling it doesn't make sense. Aug 5, 2022 · Hi, my ASUS RTX 3070 shows 0 Voltage used in: GPU Tweak III MSI Afterburner I wanted to undervolt but don't seem to be able to without that reading - how can I debug it? Screenshot of both programs with highlighted (yellow) questionable spots: Sep 27, 2023 · This MSI Afterburner overclocking guide and undervolting guide enables GPU tuning for optimum performance. Overclocking, or increasing voltage on Nvidia's gpus doesn't do what it used to, and can be counter-productive. Jan 31, 2022 · When you're frequently overclocking your GPU while gaming, you will most likely observe a warning that mentions "GPU Voltage Limit Reached" Jul 5, 2024 · Power Limiting, Undervolting, and Underclocking are the three main software-based methods or techniques to reduce GPU temperature and power draw. Compatibility: A graphics card with high power requirements necessitates a suitable power supply unit (PSU) that can handle the load, ensuring system stability during high-demand scenarios. May 31, 2023 · my GPU Core Voltage sits anywhere from 0. May 7, 2023 · I have an RTX 3070 with a Phanteks Revolt 1000w PSU, would like to know how normal it is for GPUs to fluctuate in voltage like mine does when I'm idle and watching youtube, it remains at 0. 3V is used as the enable voltage for some ICs and as Voltage In for others e. Both desktop and laptop GPUs are included in the table. obviously there's the ATX Jan 22, 2017 · The only performance limiter that is bad is thermal. However, this increased performance demands a significant amount of power. You won't be able to get more than 1. Apr 11, 2012 · Hi, I'm trying to figure out whether my 4090 is at risk. Increasing voltage wouldn't yield any extra performance because the card I tested 3080 FE with various voltage limits from 0. You can use a modified vBIOS with an increased base voltage that allows the "fix" (voltage control) to utilize the remaining 100mV of overvolt in MSI Afterburner, allowing it to be the primary OC utility. Also the GPU Voltage is at 0. I've read many posts (mainly on Reddit) that talk about how the +12v rail voltage should never drop below 11. Guide on finding the right power supply for your graphics card. Feb 7, 2025 · Looking in Hwinfo -> Sensors. Apr 25, 2023 · Our guide for how to overclock your graphics card covers the software you need to use, the various ways you can overclock, and the expected gains. Apr 5, 2021 · The power data listed is a weighted geometric mean of the Metro Exodus and FurMark power consumption, while the FPS comes from our GPU benchmarks hierarchy and uses the geometric mean of nine Sep 3, 2018 · System isn't overclocked at all. May 6, 2023 · The GPU is not designed to run at 0. Able to view GPU Core voltage in HwiNFO64 so Power = how much watts the card can draw. If I change that to "Manual" it wants a static number, but I'm having a hard time finding what is a standard voltage value for the iGPU on the i7 CPU. May 25, 2025 · Undervolting your GPU is the process of reducing the amount of voltage your graphics card has access to. to my understanding, when the GPU requests more voltage and power, it causes a sag in the +12v PCIe rail voltage I was playing my Dec 15, 2021 · The cpu + ram determines the fps. May 29, 2025 · Understanding GPU Power Management Before we dive into how to increase your GPU’s power consumption, it’s important to understand the basics of how GPUs manage power. Gpu Boost 3. This tells you how much energy your GPU is using at any given time. You can find this information in tools like MSI Afterburner or Nvidia GeForce Experience. 0) RAM: 16GB OLOy 3000mhz (16GBx2) | One was dead upon shipping, which is why 16. Feb 24, 2017 · It doesn't really do that much and can work against you. Jan 8, 2020 · PC Specs: Motherboard: Gigabyte X470 Aorus Ultra Gaming (rev 1. You should be able to add that 100 mV and have no issues as long as your cooler can keep up with thermals. Most modern GPUs, including many from the RTX 3000 series, utilize these connectors to strike a balance between power requirement and availability. ru h6y1 ovr ct rvy vmht ddrp fwp5fb ezgj thvmeiz